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Cardiac Diseases

Angina

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Product Description
Angina refers to chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. It is often a symptom of an underlying heart condition, most commonly coronary artery disease (CAD). Angina can manifest as a squeezing, pressure-like sensation or sharp pain, often triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, or heavy meals.

There are two primary types of angina:

Stable Angina: This type is predictable and occurs with physical activity or stress. The pain typically lasts for a few minutes and is relieved by rest or medication, such as nitroglycerin.

Unstable Angina: This form is more unpredictable and can occur at rest or with minimal exertion. It lasts longer and is not easily relieved by rest or medication. Unstable angina is a medical emergency and can be a precursor to a heart attack.

Symptoms of Angina:

Chest pain or discomfort (pressure, tightness, or heaviness)
Pain that radiates to the arms, neck, jaw, back, or stomach
Shortness of breath
Sweating and dizziness
Nausea
Risk Factors:

Age (men over 45, women over 55)
High blood pressure
High cholesterol levels
Smoking
Obesity and physical inactivity
Family history of heart disease
Diagnosis and Treatment: Diagnosis often involves a physical exam, blood tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), and imaging studies like a stress test or angiography. Treatment focuses on managing risk factors and improving heart function through lifestyle changes, medications (e.g., beta-blockers, nitrates), and in some cases, surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery.

Angina, though treatable, requires early diagnosis and proper management to prevent severe complications, including heart attack. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are essential for individuals at risk.
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