Heart Failure (Cardiac Failure).
Heart failure, or cardiac failure, occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body's needs. It is a serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide, and it can result from various underlying causes. The heart, though structurally intact, fails to pump blood adequately due to weakened heart muscles, poor heart valves, or other structural issues.
The primary causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease, high blood pressure (hypertension), previous heart attacks, and certain heart conditions such as cardiomyopathy or valvular heart disease. In some cases, lifestyle factors like smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, and a lack of physical activity can increase the risk of developing heart failure.
Symptoms of heart failure often include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen, and a persistent cough or wheezing. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the extent of heart damage and other underlying conditions.
Treatment for heart failure focuses on managing symptoms, improving heart function, and preventing further deterioration. Medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and aldosterone antagonists are commonly prescribed to improve heart performance and reduce fluid retention. In severe cases, surgical interventions like heart valve repair, pacemakers, or even heart transplants may be necessary.
Prevention is key in managing heart failure. A healthy lifestyle, regular check-ups, and timely management of risk factors such as high blood pressure or diabetes are essential in reducing the risk of developing this life-threatening condition. Early intervention can improve quality of life and life expectancy.
Dr. Praveen M P emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modification and timely medical intervention in the management of heart failure.